Which type of dental anomaly is indicated by two roots and two root canals in a single tooth?

• A. Gemination
• B. Concrescence
• C. Dependency
• D. Fusion

Answer: (D)

The type of dental anomaly characterized by two roots and two root canals in a single tooth is fusion. This condition occurs when two adjacent teeth, usually during development, partially or completely meld together, resulting in a single tooth structure that possesses two distinct roots and root canals. This anomaly can be identified through radiographic examination, which would show the two roots and canals merged into one single crown, allowing for the diagnosis.

In contrast, gemination refers to an incomplete division of a single tooth germ, resulting in a tooth that appears larger than normal but has a single root and root canal. Concrescence involves the fusion of the roots of two teeth through the cementum, without influencing the crowns or forming new root canals. Dependency is not a recognized dental anomaly in this context. Understanding these distinctions is critical for accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment in dental practice.