Which antibiotic, when administered in childhood, may cause tooth discolouration?

• A. Penicillin
• B. Tetracycline
• C. Streptomycin
• D. Amoxicillin

Answer: (B)

Tetracycline is known to cause tooth discoloration when administered during childhood, particularly in children under the age of eight. This happens because tetracycline can bind to calcium ions in developing teeth, leading to altered tooth enamel and resulting in coloration ranging from yellow to brown. The staining is more pronounced with systemic use when the child’s teeth are still developing, as the drug affects the deposition of the tooth enamel. This property of tetracycline highlights the importance of avoiding its use in pediatric patients when other antibiotics are available, especially in those who are still in their developmental years.

In contrast, while other antibiotics such as penicillin, streptomycin, and amoxicillin are effective in treating various infections, they do not have the same effect on tooth coloration, making them safer alternatives to use in young children regarding concerns for dental aesthetics.